Moon - Sun Finance: A New Paradigm?

I keep six honest serving men
(They taught me all I know)
Their names are What and Why and When
And How and Where and Who.

Rudyard Kipling, The Elephant Child

David McMinn

 MOON - SUN FINANCE


What?
Moon – Sun finance is the relationship between the market activity and lunisolar cycles. To date, numerous correlates have been produced between the Moon, Sun and financial trends, some of which have been quite impressive. There are also a few market forecasting techniques based solely on the Moon and Sun. Initially, this may sound strange to newcomers, but of all the heavenly bodies it is the Moon and Sun that have an overriding effect on the Earth and its life forms, including homo sapiens. This is strongly supported by a multitude of scientific studies. Thus, it is only reasonable to speculate whether these two luminaries have a direct impact upon market activity. Such a view has been firmly validated by research findings. It is surprising how long it has taken for the obvious to be investigated in relation to the markets. It is not a question of whether the Moon and Sun play a role in financial trends, but whether their influence is subtle or highly profound.

Why? Moon – Sun finance largely rose out of the ashes of discarded theories in astrology and economics. Despite prolific research, there is no hard scientific support that financial astrology actually works in the way it is supposed to. Planetary cycles, zodiacal signs, house systems and so forth offered little or nothing in the way of financial forecasting. This is regrettable as financial astrology would be a wonderful tool if it actually worked in the way that it is supposed to. Similarly, market reality had nothing to do with the random walk – efficient market theory, which was the dogma of traditional economics in the 1970’s and 1980’s. Behavioural finance of the 1990’s destroyed the notion that investors were rational in their investment decisions, but this discipline failed to explain market timing. However, over the past decade or so, Moon – Sun cycles have shown that markets are not haphazard, but follow definitive cyclic patterns. Carolan (1998) demonstrated the remarkable Moon – Sun similarities between the October panics of 1929, 1987 and 1997. Major US and Western European financial panics also fall preferentially in patterns in multiples of 9 and 56 years, with statistical significance (McMinn, 1995). These cycles were directly related to Moon – Sun eclipse cycles (not the actual eclipses per se). Fibonacci – Lucas numbers and the golden ratio Phi (1.618) are to be found in Moon – Sun cycles. Thus, it may be more than a coincidence that various technical analytical techniques use these factors in their calculations and forecasts. 

Who? Published work in this field is mainly limited to a few financial astrologers, several technical analysts and a handful of academics from the University of Michigan. I have published several Moon – Sun papers on my web site, while other web sites and references are listed for those interested. Importantly, Yuan et al (2001) and Dichev & Troy (2001) from the University of Michigan released two academic papers. Both showed that there was a strong lunar phase effect in stock markets worldwide. Markets tended to rise on a new moon and fall on a full moon with statistical significance, a finding that could be used to trade profitably. Yuan et al (2001) believed that investors’ moods varied significantly at new and full moons, thus accounting for the variation in stock market returns over the lunar month. To date these are the only academics to publish comprehensive papers on a Moon - Sun effect in financial markets. It is intriguing to consider what may be deciphered following more detailed assessments of lunisolar cycles, not only lunar phase.

How? Moon – Sun cycles are believed to influence physiological cycles of a human population, which induces changes in the mass mood. This is quite plausible, as many studies have linked lunar phase with various human physiological functions. The mass mood is believed to swing from the extremes of optimism to pessimism, which show up in financial patterns of prices and indices in tune with cycles of the Moon and Sun. Periods of optimism and greed produce a rising market, while periods of pessimism and fear induce a falling market. Crises and panics, the most spectacular phase of the financial cycle, show up when there is a sudden shift in sentiment from optimism to fear. According to this theory, financial trends are activated by mass psychology and Moon – Sun cycles, which is completely at odds with the random walk – efficient market premise.

Where? Activity in this area is mainly confined to internet sites and papers presented in astrological and technical analytical journals. Several books have also been published on this topic. Mainstream academics and financial analysts have ignored the lunisolar effect in financial markets and to date there have only been a few academic papers published and no conferences held on Moon – Sun finance. This is only to be expected given the radial nature of the new paradigm. How long Moon – Sun finance remains obscure remains to be seen.

When? Benner (1875) believed that eclipse cycles may have been the casual basis of his famous pig iron price cycles, which were based on 9 years and its regular deviations. This view that was very far-reaching and insightful, considering it was made during the Victorian era 130 years ago. McWhirther (1938) was first astrologer to note a lunisolar link with the US business cycle. She believed that US economic activity fluctuated quite regularly over the 18.6 year lunar nutation cycle. However, it was only over the past two decades that Moon – Sun finance has gained a slow, but growing recognition in both academia and technical analysis. Chris Carolan published his book The Spiral Calendar in 1992 and Welles Wilder promoted his Delta Phenomenon during the 1990’s. Both link lunisolar cycles with market trends to produce their forecasting techniques. Over the past decade, I had two books and numerous papers published on lunisolar market timing and the 56 year panic cycle. These were the beginnings of Moon – Sun finance as we know it.

The Moon and Sun provide a sound scientific basis for technical analysis and strongly supports those analysts, who consider past performance can give a good indicator of future trends. There are reasonably regular market patterns rather than randomness, as expected from traditional economic theory. Previously, it has been very difficult to explain why the markets and the economy moved in the observable cyclic patterns. Why do millions of investors react in the same manner and at the same time? Why did the Elliot Wave behave in accordance with Fibonacci numbers? Why is the history of capitalism is littered with manias and panics over thousands of years? Why do free market economies move in 50 to 60 year cycles of growth and decline in accordance with the Kondratieff wave? Overall, a simple, unified theory based on Moon – Sun cycles may be on the horizon to explain so many financial phenomena and provide vital clues for the design of much needed follow up research.. Get used to terms such as equinoxes, lunar risings, nutation, nodes, apogee, ecliptical, diurnal, synodic and so forth.

To date, Moon – Sun researchers have failed to achieve the Holy Grail of highly accurate financial forecasting. Promoters of some forecasting methods claim to achieve a reasonable success rate, but that is debatable. The answer lies in Moon – Sun cycles, but how it all actually works has remained elusive, as we currently only have a few jigsaw pieces to the whole picture. If ever the riddle was solved, it would be unlikely to be published given the potential profits to be made. To the person who was able to decode the mystery, the rewards would be immense, as they would be given a licence to print money through market speculation. This is the name of the game in technical analysis.

Copyright © 2004. David McMinn

Acknowledgement. Alas, the what, why & when approach was not original, but was adapted from Pruden (1996). 

Web Sites
www.davidmcminn.com
www.spiralcalendar.com
www.deltasociety.com

References

Benner, Samuel.
Benner’s Prophecies of Future Ups & Downs in Prices. Robert Clark Co. 1875.
Carolan, Christopher. The Spiral Calendar. New Classics Library. 1992.
Carolan, Christopher.
Autumn Panics. The Market Technician. Journal of the Society of Technical Analysts. p 12. July 1998.
Dichev, Ilia & James, Troy.
Lunar Cycle Effects In Stock Returns. University of Michigan Business School working paper. 2001.
McMinn, David. Financial Crises & The Number 56. The Market Technician. Journal of the Society of Technical Analysts. p 9. December 1995.
McMinn, David. Market Timing By The Moon & The Sun. Twin Palms Publishing. 2003
McWhirter, L. The McWhirter Theory of Stock Market Forecasting. Astor Book Co. 1938.
Prechter, Robert R. The Major Works of R N Elliott. New Classics Library. 1980.
Prechter, Robert R & Frost, Alfred J. Elliott Wave Principle: Key to Stock Market Profits. New Classics Library. 1978.
Pruden, Henry O. Behavioral Finance: What is It? TSAA Newsletter. April – June 1996.
Yuan, Kathy, Zheng, Lu & Zhu, Qiaoqiao. Are Investors Moonstruck? Lunar Phase & Stock Returns. University of Michigan Business School working paper. 2001.